{"id":12422,"date":"2024-05-24T11:00:00","date_gmt":"2024-05-24T11:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lhi.is\/?post_type=threads&p=12422"},"modified":"2024-05-23T11:21:59","modified_gmt":"2024-05-23T11:21:59","slug":"ahrif-felagsmotunar-a-stereotypisk-hlutverk-innan-jazztonlistarsenunnar-a-islandi","status":"publish","type":"threads","link":"https:\/\/www.lhi.is\/en\/thraedir\/thraedir-tolublad-9\/ahrif-felagsmotunar-a-stereotypisk-hlutverk-innan-jazztonlistarsenunnar-a-islandi\/","title":{"rendered":"The effect of socialization on stereotypical roles within the jazz music scene in Iceland"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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\u00c1hrif f\u00e9lagsm\u00f3tunar \u00e1 stere\u00f3t\u00fdp\u00edsk hlutverk innan jazzt\u00f3nlistarsenunnar \u00e1 \u00cdslandi.<\/h1>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t
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\u00c1hrif f\u00e9lagsm\u00f3tunar \u00e1 stere\u00f3t\u00fdp\u00edsk hlutverk innan jazzt\u00f3nlistarsenunnar \u00e1 \u00cdslandi.[<\/a><\/strong>1]<\/a><\/p>\n

Ari Frank Inguson, Rebekka Bl\u00f6ndal og \u00deorbj\u00f6rg Daphne Hall<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Inngangur <\/strong><\/p>\n

Oft eru \u00e1kve\u00f0nar sko\u00f0anir taldar e\u00f0lilegar, e\u00f0a \u201enormi\u00f0\u201c. \u00deegar liti\u00f0 er til baka kemur \u00fea\u00f0 svo oft \u00e1 \u00f3vart hvernig f\u00f3lk gat t\u00falka\u00f0 heiminn og umhverfi sitt \u00e1 \u00e1kve\u00f0inn m\u00e1ta. Sj\u00f3narhorn okkar, hvernig vi\u00f0 upplifum f\u00f3lk af mismunandi \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0erni, st\u00e9ttum og kynjum vir\u00f0ist h\u00e1\u00f0 hugsunum okkar og skilningi \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed hvernig hlutirnir eru og eigi a\u00f0 vera. Hugsun okkar er bygg\u00f0 \u00e1 or\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0u \u00ed okkar n\u00e6rumhverfi og \u00fev\u00ed atferli sem f\u00f3lk temur s\u00e9r og t\u00ed\u00f0kast \u00ed samf\u00e9laginu sem vi\u00f0 erum hluti af. \u00deessa or\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0u og \u00feessi heg\u00f0unarmynstur innbyr\u00f0um vi\u00f0 fr\u00e1 blautu barnsbeini og vi\u00f0 vir\u00f0umst hafa takmarka\u00f0a stj\u00f3rn \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed. Hugsun okkar er \u00fe\u00f3 \u00ed s\u00edfelldri \u00fer\u00f3un og er \u00fdmsu h\u00e1\u00f0, \u00fe\u00e1 kannski a\u00f0allega \u00feeirri reynslu sem vi\u00f0 leitum \u00ed og ver\u00f0um fyrir. Ef vi\u00f0 erum heppin getum vi\u00f0 lagt stund \u00e1 a\u00f0 f\u00ednp\u00fassa hugsun okkar og atferli, og me\u00f0 sm\u00e1 vinnu, opna\u00f0 fyrir fleiri m\u00f6guleg sj\u00f3narhorn \u00e1 \u00feessari tilvist og \u00e1 m\u00e1lefnum l\u00ed\u00f0andi stundar. \u00d3hj\u00e1kv\u00e6milega er \u00fe\u00f3 raunveruleiki f\u00f3lks \u00f3l\u00edkur, og \u00fe\u00e1 m\u00e1 spyrja, hvernig byggjum vi\u00f0 samf\u00e9lag \u00fear sem fj\u00f6lbreyttar sko\u00f0anir, upplifanir og skilgreiningar r\u00famast? H\u00e9r \u00e1 eftir koma ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0ur vi\u00f0talsranns\u00f3knar okkar sem unnin var sumari\u00f0 2023 \u00e1 kynjavinkli jazzt\u00f3nlistarsenunnar \u00e1 \u00cdslandi.<\/p>\n

Vi\u00f0 \u00e1kv\u00e1\u00f0um a\u00f0 n\u00fdta okkur femin\u00edska hugmyndafr\u00e6\u00f0i til a\u00f0 greina \u00feau g\u00f6gn sem liggja til grundvallar ranns\u00f3kninni. Femin\u00edsk hugmyndafr\u00e6\u00f0i gagnr\u00fdnir karll\u00e6g vi\u00f0m\u00f3t samf\u00e9lagsins og st\u00f6\u00f0lu\u00f0 hlutskipti kvenna. Hi\u00f0 fem\u00edn\u00edska sj\u00f3narhorn \u00e1 r\u00e6tur s\u00ednar a\u00f0 rekja til f\u00e9lagslegrar m\u00f3tunarhyggju (e. social constructionism). \u00dea\u00f0 er a\u00f0 segja a\u00f0 veruleikinn s\u00e9 f\u00e9lagslega m\u00f3ta\u00f0ur. \u00deetta myndar eins konar net tengsla \u00fear sem einn h\u00f3pur hefur \u00e1hrif \u00e1 annan og \u00far ver\u00f0ur v\u00edxlverkan og oft og t\u00ed\u00f0um lenda \u00e1kve\u00f0nir h\u00f3par undir \u00ed samf\u00e9lagslegu hlutskipti s\u00ednu.<\/p>\n

Oft er liti\u00f0 \u00e1 Mary Wollstonecraft sem h\u00f6fund hins fyrsta fem\u00edn\u00edska texta.[2]<\/a> H\u00fan gagnr\u00fdndi \u00fear karll\u00e6g vi\u00f0m\u00f3t samf\u00e9lagsins og st\u00f6\u00f0lu\u00f0 hlutskipti kvenna. Miki\u00f0 vatn hefur runni\u00f0 til sj\u00e1var s\u00ed\u00f0an. Hi\u00f0 fem\u00edn\u00edska vi\u00f0m\u00f3t kjarnast \u00ed gagnr\u00fdni \u00e1 f\u00e9lagslegan raunveruleika sem er a\u00f0 m\u00f6rgu leyti hugl\u00e6gur, \u00fea\u00f0 er a\u00f0 segja, hugl\u00e6gur \u00fear sem hann afmarkast vi\u00f0 upplifun \u00feeirra sem hafa a\u00f0 honum a\u00f0gang. \u00deessir a\u00f0ilar skapa s\u00ed\u00f0an me\u00f0 s\u00e9r samhugl\u00e6gan veruleika sem samf\u00e9lagi\u00f0 me\u00f0 s\u00ednum fj\u00f6lbreytta h\u00f3pi \u00fe\u00e1tttakenda \u00fdmist sam\u00feykkir e\u00f0a hafnar.<\/p>\n

Svo \u00e1 jazz s\u00e9r r\u00edka s\u00f6gu, sem \u00ed gr\u00f3fum dr\u00e1ttum m\u00e1 rekja aftur til samf\u00e9lags svartra \u00ed New Orleans \u00ed Bandar\u00edkjunum undir lok 19. aldar, og jazzinn hefur svo dreift \u00far s\u00e9r um heim allan, jafnvel \u00e1 nyrstu sker. Allt fr\u00e1 byrjun hafa konur \u00feurft a\u00f0 berjast fyrir hlutverki s\u00ednu \u00ed jazzt\u00f3nlist og hafa oft og t\u00ed\u00f0um m\u00e6tt m\u00f3tl\u00e6ti vegna hlutskiptis kvenna og annarra minnihlutah\u00f3pa. \u00der\u00e1tt fyrir \u00feessa m\u00f3tst\u00f6\u00f0u hafa konur n\u00e1\u00f0 miklum \u00e1rangri og er \u00fea\u00f0 ein af ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0um \u00feessarar ranns\u00f3knar a\u00f0 meira \u00feurfi a\u00f0 fjalla um hlut kvenna \u00ed jazzs\u00f6gunni \u00ed n\u00e1msumhverfinu og \u00fe\u00e1 s\u00e9r \u00ed lagi hlut kvenhlj\u00f3\u00f0f\u00e6raleikara. \u00dea\u00f0 m\u00e1 til d\u00e6mis nefna p\u00edan\u00f3leikarann og t\u00f3nsk\u00e1ldi\u00f0 Mary Lou Willams og b\u00e1s\u00fanuleikarann og t\u00f3nsk\u00e1ldi\u00f0 Melbu Liston sem b\u00e1\u00f0ar voru ja\u00f0arsettar, b\u00e6\u00f0i vegna kyn\u00fe\u00e1ttar og kyns, en storku\u00f0u stere\u00f3t\u00fdpum og ruddu veginn fyrir komandi kynsl\u00f3\u00f0ir.<\/p>\n

\u00cd \u00feessari ranns\u00f3kn greindum vi\u00f0 hlutskipti kvenna sem eru \u00fe\u00e1tttakendur \u00ed jazzsenunni \u00e1 \u00cdslandi me\u00f0 vi\u00f0t\u00f6lum vi\u00f0 f\u00f3lk sem er hluti af \u00feeirri senu. Vi\u00f0 einskor\u00f0u\u00f0um okkur vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 rannsaka st\u00f6\u00f0u kvenna en einnig v\u00e6ri h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 rannsaka st\u00f6\u00f0u kynsegin f\u00f3lks, innflytjenda og annarra minnihlutah\u00f3pa en s\u00fa umr\u00e6\u00f0a er a\u00f0 m\u00f6rgu leyti tengd \u00fev\u00ed sem er h\u00e9r til umfj\u00f6llunar.<\/p>\n

Ranns\u00f3knarni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0ur benda til \u00feess a\u00f0 ef markvisst v\u00e6ri teki\u00f0 \u00e1 m\u00e1lum tengdum kynjahalla \u00ed \u00edslensku jazzsamf\u00e9lagi og sk\u00fdr rammi settur um hva\u00f0a skref \u00e6tti a\u00f0 taka \u00feegar m\u00e1l kynjanna eru annars vegar, myndi \u00fea\u00f0 hafa j\u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0 \u00e1hrif \u00e1 senuna. Einnig vir\u00f0ist vera a\u00f0 \u00e1kve\u00f0nar stere\u00f3t\u00fdpur um karll\u00e6g og kvenl\u00e6g einkenni standi v\u00f6r\u00f0 um hva\u00f0 s\u00e9 h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 gera og hva\u00f0 s\u00e9 h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 vera, sem tengist almennri umr\u00e6\u00f0u um kynjahlutverk \u00ed samf\u00e9lagi n\u00fat\u00edmans. Ef sk\u00fdr markmi\u00f0 eru sett hva\u00f0 \u00feessi m\u00e1lefni var\u00f0ar, s\u00e9r \u00ed lagi \u00ed sk\u00f3lakerfinu, hef\u00f0i \u00fea\u00f0 \u00e1hrif \u00e1 \u00fe\u00e1ttt\u00f6ku kynja og myndi virka sem m\u00f3tv\u00e6gi vi\u00f0 innbygg\u00f0an kynjahalla s\u00f6gunnar. H\u00e9r a\u00f0 ne\u00f0an ver\u00f0ur fyrst fjalla\u00f0 stuttlega um \u00fe\u00e1 a\u00f0fer\u00f0afr\u00e6\u00f0i sem beitt var \u00ed ranns\u00f3kninni. \u00de\u00e1 er fr\u00e6\u00f0ilegur rammi verkefnisins kynntur og ger\u00f0 grein fyrir e\u00f0lishyggju og sta\u00f0al\u00edmyndum, f\u00e9lagslegri m\u00f3tunarhyggju og g\u00e6\u00f0um og a\u00f0 lokum fjalla\u00f0 um gler\u00feak og \u00fer\u00f6skulda. \u00de\u00e1 ver\u00f0a ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0ur vi\u00f0talsranns\u00f3knarinnar kynntar og settar \u00ed samhengi vi\u00f0 fr\u00e6\u00f0ilegan ramma.<\/p>\n

A\u00f0fer\u00f0afr\u00e6\u00f0i<\/strong><\/p>\n

Til a\u00f0 f\u00e1 sem besta mynd af upplifunum kvenna og st\u00f6\u00f0u \u00feeirra innan jazzsamf\u00e9lagsins t\u00f6ldum vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 best v\u00e6ri a\u00f0 nota eigindlega ranns\u00f3knara\u00f0fer\u00f0 og taka vi\u00f0t\u00f6l. Vi\u00f0 h\u00f3fum ferli\u00f0 \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 afla okkur uppl\u00fdsinga og k\u00f6nnu\u00f0um hva\u00f0 v\u00e6ri n\u00fa \u00feegar b\u00fai\u00f0 a\u00f0 skrifa um konur \u00ed jazzt\u00f3nlist \u00e1 \u00cdslandi og annars sta\u00f0ar \u00ed heiminum. \u00dea\u00f0 er einmitt mj\u00f6g mikilv\u00e6gt a\u00f0 hafa grunn\u00feekkingu \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed sem ber a\u00f0 rannsaka \u00e1\u00f0ur en vi\u00f0t\u00f6l eiga s\u00e9r sta\u00f0.[3]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n

Vi\u00f0fangsefni\u00f0 \u00f6\u00f0la\u00f0ist d\u00fdpri og v\u00ed\u00f0ari merkingu eftir \u00fev\u00ed sem vi\u00f0 l\u00e1sum meira og nokkur \u00feemu kom \u00ed lj\u00f3s tengd n\u00e1ms- og starfsumhverfi, sta\u00f0al\u00edmyndum og fyrirmyndum og fj\u00f6l\u00fe\u00e6tt \u00e1hrif samf\u00e9lagslegra kynjahlutverka \u00e1 hlutverk kvenna \u00ed jazzt\u00f3nlist. \u00deegar \u00feessum lestri var loki\u00f0 var n\u00e6sta skref a\u00f0 b\u00faa til spurningalista, velja vi\u00f0m\u00e6lendur og velta fyrir s\u00e9r hvernig best v\u00e6ri a\u00f0 framkv\u00e6ma vi\u00f0t\u00f6lin \u00e1 sem hlutl\u00e6gasta h\u00e1tt.<\/p>\n

Val \u00e1 vi\u00f0m\u00e6lendum \u00ed ranns\u00f3kn sem byggist \u00e1 kynju\u00f0um upplifunum og fr\u00e1s\u00f6gnum, \u00fearf a\u00f0 vanda. Okkur \u00fe\u00f3tti kynjavinkillinn vera svo st\u00f3r \u00e1hrifavaldur \u00feegar vi\u00f0 hugsu\u00f0um til \u00farvinnslu vi\u00f0tala, tr\u00faver\u00f0ugleika og samr\u00e6mi ranns\u00f3knarinnar a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 leitu\u00f0um eftir skrifum um hvernig kyn vi\u00f0m\u00e6landa og aftur \u00e1 m\u00f3ti rannsakanda getur haft \u00e1hrif \u00e1 \u00fatkomu vi\u00f0tals \u00ed ranns\u00f3knum.<\/p>\n

\u00dea\u00f0 eru nokkrar breytur sem hafa valdi\u00f0 fr\u00e6\u00f0im\u00f6nnum \u00e1hyggjum \u00ed gegnum t\u00ed\u00f0ina og hefur veri\u00f0 skrifa\u00f0 um. Fyrst og fremst er \u00fea\u00f0 hvernig kyn rannsakanda og vi\u00f0m\u00e6landa getur m\u00f3ta\u00f0 ranns\u00f3knarferli\u00f0 og \u00fatkomu. \u00cd \u00f6\u00f0ru lagi hvernig samskipti milli \u00f3l\u00edkra kynja hafa \u00e1hrif \u00e1 uppbyggingu og \u00fatkomu ranns\u00f3knar og \u00ed \u00feri\u00f0ja lagi hvernig uppl\u00fdsingar og fr\u00e1sagnir eru t\u00falka\u00f0ar af rannsakanda \u00fat fr\u00e1 kyni hans.[4]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n

Flest fr\u00e6\u00f0i sem taka \u00e1 \u00feessari kynjabreytu \u00ed umhverfi rannsakenda, gleyma \u00fe\u00f3 a\u00f0 taka inn \u00ed myndina a\u00f0 a\u00f0rar f\u00e9lagslegar breytur, s.s. aldur, st\u00e9ttaskipting, atvinna og kyn\u00fe\u00e1ttur g\u00e6tu haft \u00e1hrif.[5]<\/sup><\/a> \u00deetta eru allt hlutir sem m\u00f3ta einstaklinga og kynja\u00f0a upplifun \u00feeirra. \u00dev\u00ed \u00fe\u00f3tti okkur mikilv\u00e6gt a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1tttakendur tilheyr\u00f0u mismunandi kynsl\u00f3\u00f0um t\u00f3nlistarf\u00f3lks og v\u00e6ru ekki allir af sama kyni. \u00dea\u00f0 var \u00fev\u00ed endanlega aldur, kyn og hlj\u00f3\u00f0f\u00e6ri sem haf\u00f0i \u00e1hrif \u00e1 val vi\u00f0m\u00e6lenda. Samt sem \u00e1\u00f0ur er \u00feetta ekki einfalt a\u00f0 leysa r\u00e9tt eins og Herod bendir \u00e1: \u201e\u00deetta krefst \u00edgrunda\u00f0rar greiningar \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed hvernig kyn m\u00e1 t\u00falka \u00e1 marga mismunandi vegu \u00e1 mismunandi t\u00edmum og \u00ed mismunandi samhengi og \u00fe\u00e1 hvernig \u00fea\u00f0 hefur \u00e1hrif \u00e1 ranns\u00f3knarferli\u00f0.\u201c[6]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n

\u00dea\u00f0 er l\u00edka umhverfi\u00f0 sem einstaklingurinn kemur \u00far, upplifanir hans og l\u00edfshlaup sem m\u00f3ta fr\u00e1sagnir hans og sko\u00f0anir. F\u00e9lagsleg \u00fer\u00f3un samf\u00e9lagsins s\u00ed\u00f0ustu \u00e1ratugi hefur l\u00edka \u00e1hrif og \u00e1hrif fem\u00ednisma og breyttra f\u00e9lagslegra v\u00e6ntinga til kynja. \u00dea\u00f0 er v\u00edsbending um a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 getum ekki gert r\u00e1\u00f0 fyrir sama heg\u00f0unarmynstri hj\u00e1 k\u00f6rlum annars vegar og konum hins vegar.[7]<\/sup><\/a> En vi\u00f0 hverju m\u00e1 b\u00faast? Til d\u00e6mis er mismunandi eftir einstaklingum hva\u00f0 \u00feeim \u00feykir mikilv\u00e6gt a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a \u00ed tengslum vi\u00f0 ranns\u00f3kn \u00e1 kynjahalla og kynjakv\u00f3ta til d\u00e6mis. \u00dea\u00f0 sem karlkyns vi\u00f0m\u00e6landi telur mikilv\u00e6gt fyrir ranns\u00f3knina er endilega ekki \u00fea\u00f0 sama og \u00fea\u00f0 sem kvenkyns vi\u00f0m\u00e6landi \u00far svipu\u00f0u f\u00e9lagslegu mengi telur a\u00f0 s\u00e9 mikilv\u00e6gt fyrir ranns\u00f3knina.<\/p>\n

\u00deessar vangaveltur allar h\u00f6f\u00f0u \u00f3neitanlega \u00e1hrif \u00e1 val \u00e1 vi\u00f0m\u00e6lendum og lokani\u00f0ursta\u00f0an var s\u00fa a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 h\u00f6f\u00f0um samband vi\u00f0 13 manns, og \u00ed ranns\u00f3kninni t\u00f3ku \u00fe\u00e1tt 6 konur og 6 karlar. \u00d6ll sem vi\u00f0 t\u00f6lu\u00f0um vi\u00f0 vildu taka \u00fe\u00e1tt a\u00f0 undanskilinni einni konu. Vi\u00f0m\u00e6lendur hafa allir mismunandi hlutverk innan jazzsenunnar og eru \u00fdmist p\u00edan\u00f3leikarar, g\u00edtarleikarar, s\u00f6ngvarar, bl\u00e1sarar, trommarar og bassaleikarar. Vi\u00f0m\u00e6lendur h\u00f6f\u00f0u kost \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 draga einstaka umm\u00e6li til baka ef \u00feeir fengu bak\u00feanka og h\u00f6f\u00f0u \u00feeir fimm daga umhugsunarfrest til \u00feess. Til \u00feess a\u00f0 f\u00f3lk myndi treysta s\u00e9r til \u00feess a\u00f0 tala frj\u00e1lslega \u00e1kv\u00e1\u00f0um vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 hafa nafnleynd og eins \u00e1kv\u00e1\u00f0um vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 taka \u00fat n\u00f6fn \u00e1 einstaklingum og hlj\u00f3msveitum til \u00feess a\u00f0 passa upp \u00e1 a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 v\u00e6rum ekki a\u00f0 tala ni\u00f0ur f\u00f3lk a\u00f0 \u00f3\u00fe\u00f6rfu. Jazzsamf\u00e9lagi\u00f0 \u00e1 \u00cdslandi er l\u00edti\u00f0 og \u00fer\u00f3ast umr\u00e6\u00f0an mj\u00f6g flj\u00f3tt \u00ed a\u00f0 fjalla um \u00e1kve\u00f0in n\u00f6fn. \u00dea\u00f0 er \u00fev\u00ed okkar mat a\u00f0 best s\u00e9 a\u00f0 horfa \u00e1 \u00feetta heildr\u00e6nt \u00ed von um a\u00f0 ni\u00f0ursta\u00f0an ver\u00f0i afur\u00f0 sem hj\u00e1lpi til vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 vinna \u00ed kynjahallanum og ver\u00f0i til \u00feess a\u00f0 konur ver\u00f0i fleiri \u00ed jazzt\u00f3nlist \u00e1 \u00cdslandi. Vi\u00f0m\u00e6lendur ver\u00f0a \u00fev\u00ed ekki nefndir me\u00f0 n\u00f6fnum heldur voru n\u00f6fn valin a\u00f0 handah\u00f3fi \u00ed sta\u00f0inn. Vi\u00f0m\u00e6lendur heita \u00c1slaug, Lov\u00edsa, J\u00f3n\u00edna, Gunnhildur, A\u00f0albj\u00f6rg, B\u00e1ra, J\u00f3nas, Sk\u00fali, Bragi, Bj\u00f6rg\u00f3lfur, Fri\u00f0rik og Gu\u00f0steinn.<\/p>\n

Vi\u00f0t\u00f6lin voru \u00feemagreind svo a\u00f0 \u00f6llum uppl\u00fdsingunum var skipt upp \u00ed flokka sem ver\u00f0a r\u00e6ddir frekar h\u00e9r a\u00f0 ne\u00f0an. Flokkarnir eru skilgreining vi\u00f0m\u00e6lenda \u00e1 jazzsamf\u00e9laginu (sm\u00e6\u00f0in, framtakssemin og stigveldi\u00f0), e\u00f0lishyggjan sem vir\u00f0ist enn \u00feann dag \u00ed dag m\u00f3ta samf\u00e9lagi\u00f0 okkar, kynjahallinn og getg\u00e1tur vi\u00f0m\u00e6lenda um tilvist hans, hr\u00e6\u00f0sla og fullkomnunar\u00e1r\u00e1tta kvenna \u00ed jazzsamf\u00e9laginu, n\u00e1msumhverfi\u00f0 og hvernig \u00fea\u00f0 spilar \u00fe\u00e1tt \u00ed kynjahallanum og loks hva\u00f0 s\u00e9 til r\u00e1\u00f0a a\u00f0 mati vi\u00f0m\u00e6lenda.<\/p>\n

E\u00f0lishyggja og sta\u00f0al\u00edmyndir<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kynbundnar sta\u00f0al\u00edmyndir hafa m\u00f3ta\u00f0 samf\u00e9l\u00f6g og \u00fdtt undir ford\u00f3ma og mismunun. \u00deessar sta\u00f0al\u00edmyndir hafa \u00feau \u00e1hrif a\u00f0 konur ,,geta fundi\u00f0 til minnkandi \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0uhvatar og sj\u00e1lfstrausts \u00e1 \u00e1kve\u00f0num svi\u00f0um samf\u00e9lagsins.\u201c[8]<\/sup><\/a> \u00dea\u00f0 eru \u00fev\u00ed ekki a\u00f0eins karlar sem hugsa \u00fat fr\u00e1 sta\u00f0al\u00edmyndum, \u00fev\u00ed \u00feessar hugmyndir t\u00f3ku s\u00e9r einnig b\u00f3lfestu \u00ed hugum kvenna.<\/p>\n

E\u00f0lishyggja er tv\u00edhyggja \u00ed grunninn, en tv\u00edhyggja er \u00ed raun andst\u00e6\u00f0ukenning. \u00deessi hugmynd um a\u00f0 heg\u00f0un og eiginleikar kynjanna byggist \u00e1 e\u00f0li \u00feeirra og a\u00f0 hvort kyn um sig s\u00e9 fulltr\u00fai \u00e1kve\u00f0inna eiginleika og hafi \u00e1kve\u00f0in hlutverk.[9]<\/sup><\/a> Andst\u00e6\u00f0urnar eru karlmennska og kvenleiki. ,,Karlinn er fulltr\u00fai skynsemi, menningar og hugar og konan tengist n\u00e1tt\u00farunni gegnum l\u00edkamann og er tilfinningavera.\u201c[10]<\/sup><\/a> \u00deessar hugmyndir eru ansi l\u00edfseigar og skj\u00f3ta enn upp kollinum \u00fe\u00f3 svo a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 teljum okkur hugsa \u00f6\u00f0ruv\u00edsi \u00ed dag. En hvert er hlutverk hins kvenlega innan jazzt\u00f3nlistar?<\/p>\n

Konur eru stundum s\u00e9\u00f0ar sem einhvers konar skraut \u00ed karll\u00e6gum heimi jazzt\u00f3nlistar og \u00fej\u00f3na oft hlutverki s\u00f6ngvara.[11]<\/sup><\/a> Konur \u00ed svi\u00f0slj\u00f3si jazzsenunnar \u00feurfa \u00fe\u00e1 oft a\u00f0 svara fyrir \u00fatlit sitt, kl\u00e6\u00f0na\u00f0 og vaxtarlag.[12]<\/sup><\/a> \u00der\u00e1tt fyrir a\u00f0 jazzs\u00f6ngkonan s\u00e9 vissulega mj\u00f6g s\u00fdnileg, \u00e1 mi\u00f0ju svi\u00f0i \u00e1 me\u00f0an \u00e1 flutningi stendur \u00fe\u00e1 hefur h\u00fan veri\u00f0 \u00fatiloku\u00f0 a\u00f0 mestu fr\u00e1 umfj\u00f6llun um jazz og skr\u00e1ningu \u00feeirra listamanna sem vi\u00f0 koma jazzt\u00f3nlist. \u00de\u00e6r f\u00e1 minni vir\u00f0ingu innan greinarinnar en hlj\u00f3\u00f0f\u00e6raleikarar og \u00fe\u00e1 a\u00f0allega vegna kyns, sem byggist \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 hi\u00f0 karll\u00e6ga er j\u00fa hluti af v\u00f6rumerkinu jazz.[13]<\/sup><\/a> \u00deetta er mj\u00f6g greinilegt d\u00e6mi um a\u00f0 e\u00f0lishyggjan skilgreinir hlutverk kynjanna innan jazzmengisins.<\/p>\n

\u00deau hlutverk innan t\u00f3nlistar sem \u00fe\u00f3ttu e\u00f0lileg \u00ed samr\u00e6mi vi\u00f0 kvenleika, voru hlutverk s\u00f6ngvara og p\u00edanista. \u00dev\u00ed voru konur hvattar til a\u00f0 leggja \u00fea\u00f0 fyrir sig fremur en hlutverk bl\u00e1sturshlj\u00f3\u00f0f\u00e6raleikara, svo d\u00e6mi s\u00e9 teki\u00f0. Svipa\u00f0 \u00feekkist \u00ed annarri t\u00f3nlist en kvenbassaleikarar, -trommuleikarar og -bl\u00e1sturshlj\u00f3\u00f0f\u00e6raleikarar sj\u00e1st sjaldnast.[14]<\/sup><\/a> \u00de\u00f3 er \u00fea\u00f0 ekki algilt a\u00f0 konur s\u00e9u einskor\u00f0a\u00f0ar vi\u00f0 hlutverk s\u00f6ngvara og p\u00edanista og hva\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1 \u00ed dag. \u00dea\u00f0 eru \u00feessi hef\u00f0bundnu og r\u00f3tgr\u00f3nu hlutverk og sta\u00f0al\u00edmyndir sem m\u00e1 rekja til e\u00f0lishyggjunnar og karlmennskunnar sem \u00fev\u00e6last fyrir anna\u00f0 slagi\u00f0.<\/p>\n

\u00cd ranns\u00f3knargrein sem Erin Wehr skrifa\u00f0i um konur \u00ed jazzi, fjallar h\u00fan um upplifun kvenna \u00ed jazzt\u00f3nlist og sko\u00f0ar greinar undir heitinu \u201eWhy aren\u2018t women more in jazz\u201c sem birtust \u00ed bla\u00f0inu Jazz Changes<\/em> \u00e1 \u00e1runum 1995-1997. H\u00fan segir konur vera t\u00e1kngervinga sem \u00f3gna sta\u00f0al\u00edmyndum jazzt\u00f3nlistar. \u00de\u00e6r upplifa sig sem \u00f3gn og a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e6r s\u00e9u ekki hluti af samf\u00e9laginu, \u00fe\u00e6r eru \u00f6\u00f0ruv\u00edsi. \u00deetta lei\u00f0ir til kv\u00ed\u00f0a, sj\u00e1lfsefa og minni hvata til a\u00f0 \u00fer\u00edfast \u00ed t\u00f3nlistargreininni. \u00dea\u00f0 a\u00f0 vera eina konan litar upplifun kvenna \u00e1 neikv\u00e6\u00f0an h\u00e1tt \u00fev\u00ed umhverfi\u00f0 gefur sterkt til kynna a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00fa ert eina konan.[15]<\/sup><\/a> Vi\u00f0 getum \u00fev\u00ed nokkurn veginn gefi\u00f0 okkur a\u00f0 neikv\u00e6\u00f0ar aflei\u00f0ingar e\u00f0lishyggju og \u00e1hrif hennar \u00e1 hi\u00f0 \u00edslenska jazzsamf\u00e9lag er fj\u00f6l\u00fe\u00e6tt.<\/p>\n

F\u00e9lagsleg m\u00f3tunarhyggja og g\u00e6\u00f0i<\/strong><\/p>\n

M\u00f3tunarhyggju er svo oft stillt upp sem andst\u00e6\u00f0u e\u00f0lishyggju. M\u00f3tunarsinnar hafna \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00f3l\u00edk heg\u00f0un, hlutverk og sta\u00f0a kynjanna stafi af me\u00f0f\u00e6ddu e\u00f0li kvenna og karla. \u00deeir tr\u00faa \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 hver og einn f\u00e6\u00f0ist me\u00f0 s\u00edna eiginleika og ekki s\u00e9 h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 eigna \u00f6llum einstaklingum af sama kyni s\u00f6mu eiginleika og skapger\u00f0. A\u00f0 \u00feeirra mati m\u00f3tast manneskjan \u00fat fr\u00e1 \u00feeim hugmyndum um karlmennsku og kvenleika sem eru vi\u00f0 l\u00fd\u00f0i hverju sinni. M\u00f3tunarsinnar a\u00f0greina skilgreiningu \u00e1 kyni (e. sex) og kyngervi (e. gender). Kyn er \u00fe\u00e1 hi\u00f0 l\u00edffr\u00e6\u00f0ilega kyn vi\u00f0 f\u00e6\u00f0ingu og kyngervi hi\u00f0 f\u00e9lagslega skapa\u00f0a kyn, skapa\u00f0 af samf\u00e9laginu me\u00f0 t\u00e1knmyndum \u00ed af\u00fereyingu, or\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0u og f\u00e9lagslegum hlutverkum.[16]<\/sup><\/a> \u00cd tilraun okkar vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 reyna a\u00f0 skilja kynjahallann og hlutverk kynja \u00ed \u00edslensku jazzsamf\u00e9lagi mun f\u00e9lagsleg m\u00f3tunarhyggja reynast vel.<\/p>\n

\u00cd umr\u00e6\u00f0u okkar um \u00f3l\u00edka eiginleika \u00fe\u00e1tttakenda \u00ed \u00edslensku jazzsamf\u00e9lagi birtist \u00e1kve\u00f0in \u00fe\u00f6rf \u00e1 a\u00f0 skilgreina hva\u00f0 er \u00e1tt vi\u00f0 me\u00f0 hugtakinu g\u00e6\u00f0i. G\u00e6\u00f0i \u00ed almennum skilningi \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ir a\u00f0 eitthva\u00f0 s\u00e9 gott, \u00e1kj\u00f3sanlegt og \u00fea\u00f0 sem neytendur s\u00e6kjast \u00ed.[17]<\/sup><\/a> En g\u00e6\u00f0i \u00ed t\u00f3nlist birtast sem fl\u00f3ki\u00f0 samspil margra \u00fe\u00e1tta til d\u00e6mis f\u00e9lagstengsla, marka\u00f0safla og kynjahlutverka. G\u00e6\u00f0i geta haft \u00e1hrif \u00e1 kr\u00f6fur sem ger\u00f0ar eru til hlj\u00f3\u00f0f\u00e6raleikara \u00ed starfi og n\u00e1mi, t\u00e6kif\u00e6ra \u00feeirra og starfsframa, svo eitthva\u00f0 s\u00e9 nefnt.<\/p>\n

Jazzhlj\u00f3\u00f0f\u00e6raleikarar reyna a\u00f0 s\u00fdna fram \u00e1 g\u00e6\u00f0i og vekja eftirtekt me\u00f0 \u00e1kve\u00f0num eiginleikum. \u00deeir eiginleikar sem okkur vir\u00f0ist oft og t\u00ed\u00f0um frekar vera tengdir vi\u00f0 karla eins og t\u00e6knih\u00e6fni \u00e1 hlj\u00f3\u00f0f\u00e6ri\u00f0 og framtakssemi, sem er a\u00f0 einhverju leyti tilt\u00f6lulega au\u00f0veldlega m\u00e6lanlegir, m\u00f6gulega vegna \u00feeirrar miklu hlutdeildar sem \u00feeir eiginleikar f\u00e1 \u00ed n\u00e1msumhverfinu. Okkur er mj\u00f6g tamt a\u00f0 meta t\u00e6knilega eiginleika hlj\u00f3\u00f0f\u00e6raleikara, oft nefnd yfirfer\u00f0 \u00e1 hlj\u00f3\u00f0f\u00e6ri\u00f0, og sta\u00f0setja \u00fe\u00e1 ofarlega \u00ed goggunarr\u00f6\u00f0 \u00e1kj\u00f3sanlegra eiginleika. \u00cd n\u00e1msskr\u00e1 t\u00f3nlistarsk\u00f3lana er helst minnst \u00e1 t\u00e6knilega pr\u00f3f\u00fe\u00e6tti. Hlj\u00f3\u00f0f\u00e6rat\u00e6kni er \u00fear \u00fatlistu\u00f0 sem \u00fdmsir m\u00e6lanlegir t\u00e6knilegir eiginleikar; eins og t.d. a\u00f0 geta spila\u00f0 hratt og \u00e1reynslulaust, sem er svo para\u00f0 vi\u00f0 fr\u00e6\u00f0ilega \u00feekkingu \u00e1 t\u00f3nlist, sem h\u00e6gt er a\u00f0 s\u00e6kja \u00ed \u00e1n \u00feess a\u00f0 hika \u00feegar t\u00f3nlistin er spunnin.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n

Eiginleika sem eru ekki jafn au\u00f0veldlega m\u00e6lanlegir, e\u00f0a ekki er venja a\u00f0 m\u00e6la, l\u00edkt og n\u00e6mni, d\u00fdpt og tilfinning er ekki a\u00f0 finna \u00ed n\u00e1msskr\u00e1nni. \u00deetta eru eiginleika sem eru, \u00ed \u00fea\u00f0 minnsta eins og n\u00e1msumhverfi\u00f0 er sett upp \u00ed dag, ekki hluti af \u00fev\u00ed hvernig tala\u00f0 er um g\u00e6\u00f0i t\u00f3nlistarf\u00f3lks. Jazzt\u00f3nlistarf\u00f3lk er ekki hvatt til \u00feess a\u00f0 ey\u00f0a miklum t\u00edma til \u00feess a\u00f0 d\u00fdpka tilfinningaleg tengsl s\u00edn vi\u00f0 flutning e\u00f0a \u00e6fa n\u00e6mni s\u00edna, \u00fea\u00f0 vir\u00f0ist ekki vera me\u00f0 hlutdeild \u00ed hugmyndinni um g\u00e6\u00f0i. St\u00f3r \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0a fyrir \u00fev\u00ed ver\u00f0ur a\u00f0 teljast hversu erfitt er a\u00f0 m\u00e6la sl\u00edka eiginleika, en \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0an fyrir erfi\u00f0inu g\u00e6ti aftur veri\u00f0 s\u00fa a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 s\u00e9um ekki v\u00f6n \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 meta sl\u00edka eiginleika sem hluta af \u00fev\u00ed mengi sem er \u00e1kj\u00f3sanlegt. Jafnframt eru \u00feessir eiginleikar gjarnan taldir kvenl\u00e6gir og s\u00f6gulega taldir hluti af mengi hinnar kvenl\u00e6gu tilfinningaveru.[19]<\/sup><\/a> Skilgreiningin \u00e1 g\u00e6\u00f0um er \u00feannig bundin vi\u00f0 hva\u00f0 er tali\u00f0 \u00e1kj\u00f3sanlegt \u00ed \u00fev\u00ed samf\u00e9lagi sem g\u00e6\u00f0in birtast og er hugtaki\u00f0 \u00fear a\u00f0 m\u00f6rgu leyti skapa\u00f0 \u00e1 samhugl\u00e6gum forsendum.<\/p>\n

Gler\u00feak og \u00fer\u00f6skuldar<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00deegar vi\u00f0 t\u00f6lum um g\u00e6\u00f0i og hvernig vi\u00f0 metum h\u00e6fileika t\u00f3nlistarf\u00f3lks liggur beint vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 fjalla um \u00fe\u00e6r kr\u00f6fur sem eru ger\u00f0ar til t\u00f3nlistarf\u00f3lks hva\u00f0 h\u00e6fni \u00feeirra var\u00f0ar og \u00fe\u00e1 hvernig \u00fe\u00e6r geta virka\u00f0 sem \u00f3s\u00fdnilegar fyrirst\u00f6\u00f0ur fyrir t.d. konur. Kenningar um \u00f3s\u00fdnilegar fyrirst\u00f6\u00f0ur sem hindra framgang kvenna \u00ed s\u00ednu fagi \u00feekkjast vel en gjarnan er tala\u00f0 um \u00fer\u00f6skulda annars vegar og gler\u00fe\u00f6k hins vegar.[20]<\/sup><\/a> \u00der\u00f6skuldakenningin v\u00edsar til \u00feess a\u00f0 erfitt s\u00e9 a\u00f0 komast yfir \u00e1kve\u00f0na hindrun sem valdi \u00fev\u00ed \u00fe\u00e1 a\u00f0 konur eigi ekki eins au\u00f0velt me\u00f0 a\u00f0 vinna sig upp og karlmenn:<\/p>\n

Samkv\u00e6mt \u00fer\u00f6skuldakenningunni er gert r\u00e1\u00f0 fyrir hindrunum snemma \u00e1 ferlinum sem komi \u00ed veg fyrir a\u00f0 konur n\u00e1i a\u00f0 hasla s\u00e9r v\u00f6ll \u00e1 tilteknum svi\u00f0um, einkum \u00ed raungreinum. Ef \u00fe\u00e6r hins vegar n\u00e1 a\u00f0 komast yfir \u00fer\u00f6skuldinn h\u00e6ttir kyn a\u00f0 skipta m\u00e1li, samkv\u00e6mt kenningunni, og \u00fe\u00e6r standa a\u00f0 fullu jafnf\u00e6tis k\u00f6rlum. [21]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n

Hin tegundin af \u00f3s\u00fdnilegum fyrirst\u00f6\u00f0um sem konur \u00feurfa a\u00f0 klj\u00e1st vi\u00f0 eru gler\u00fe\u00f6k svok\u00f6llu\u00f0 og valda \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 konur komist ekki eins langt og karlar \u00ed metor\u00f0astiganum. \u00deaki\u00f0 e\u00f0a hindrunin er kennd vi\u00f0 gler af g\u00f3\u00f0ri \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0u en \u00fea\u00f0 er vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 erfitt er fyrir konur a\u00f0 sj\u00e1 \u00feessa hindrun fyrr en \u00fe\u00e6r eru komnar n\u00e1l\u00e6gt toppnum \u00e1 metor\u00f0astiganum.[22]<\/sup><\/a> En skilgreining gler\u00feaksins er eftirfarandi:<\/p>\n

Kenningarnar um gler\u00feaki\u00f0 ganga hins vegar \u00fat \u00e1 \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 einhvers konar \u00f3s\u00fdnileg hindrun, hi\u00f0 svokalla\u00f0a gler\u00feak, valdi \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 konur komist n\u00e6stum alla lei\u00f0 \u00ed hinum akadem\u00edska valdap\u00edram\u00edta, en n\u00e1i \u00fe\u00f3 ekki a\u00f0 brj\u00f3ta s\u00e9r lei\u00f0 upp \u00ed efstu st\u00f6\u00f0ur.[23]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n

Upphaflega voru \u00feessar kenningar settar fram \u00e1 seinni hluta n\u00edunda \u00e1ratugar s\u00ed\u00f0ustu aldar og til \u00feess a\u00f0 s\u00fdna fram \u00e1 \u00fe\u00e6r hindranir sem konur st\u00f3\u00f0u frammi fyrir \u00ed v\u00edsindasamf\u00e9laginu og stj\u00f3rnunarst\u00f6\u00f0um en \u00fea\u00f0 m\u00e1 vel f\u00e6ra \u00feessar kenningar yfir \u00e1 konur \u00ed \u00f6\u00f0rum f\u00f6gum s.s. konur \u00ed t\u00f3nlistarbransanum.[24]<\/sup><\/a> Ef vi\u00f0 sko\u00f0um \u00feetta \u00fat fr\u00e1 sj\u00f3narhorni kvenna \u00ed jazzt\u00f3nlist \u00e1 \u00cdslandi \u00fe\u00e1 er spurning hvort \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 eitthva\u00f0 sem hindrar konur fr\u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 byrja e\u00f0a halda \u00e1fram \u00ed hlj\u00f3\u00f0f\u00e6ran\u00e1mi \u00e1 hlj\u00f3\u00f0f\u00e6ri eins og trommur, g\u00edtar, bassa og bl\u00e1sturshlj\u00f3\u00f0f\u00e6ri. En eins og fram hefur komi\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1 er \u00fea\u00f0 algengast a\u00f0 stelpur og konur l\u00e6ri \u00e1 p\u00edan\u00f3 e\u00f0a l\u00e6ri s\u00f6ng \u00feegar kemur a\u00f0 jazzt\u00f3nlist.<\/p>\n

En upplifa konur \u00ed jazzt\u00f3nlist \u00feessar hindranir? Svo vir\u00f0ist vera a\u00f0 konur \u00ed jazzt\u00f3nlist leiti frekar \u00e1 ja\u00f0arinn me\u00f0 s\u00edna t\u00f3nlist og finni fyrir \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 erfitt s\u00e9 a\u00f0 gera sig s\u00fdnilegar og erfitt s\u00e9 a\u00f0 dafna \u00ed faginu \u00fat af hindrunum sem \u00fe\u00e6r rekast \u00e1.[25]<\/sup><\/a> \u00dea\u00f0 er \u00fev\u00ed nokku\u00f0 lj\u00f3st a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 \u00feurfi a\u00f0 gera kvenhlj\u00f3\u00f0f\u00e6raleikara s\u00fdnilegri og normal\u00edsera \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 ungar st\u00falkur spili \u00e1 allskonar hlj\u00f3\u00f0f\u00e6ri. \u00c1 Nor\u00f0url\u00f6ndunum vir\u00f0ast \u00feessi m\u00e1l vera \u00ed betri farvegi en \u00fea\u00f0 sem brennur \u00e1 okkur er, hvernig sta\u00f0an og upplifun kvenna s\u00e9 \u00ed \u00edslensku jazzsamf\u00e9lagi.[26]<\/sup><\/a> H\u00e9r h\u00f6fum vi\u00f0 \u00fatlista\u00f0 kenningagrunn og fr\u00e6\u00f0ilegar forsendur \u00feeirra vangaveltna sem voru til hli\u00f0sj\u00f3nar vi\u00f0 \u00farvinnslu vi\u00f0tala.<\/p>\n

Hvernig skilgreinum vi\u00f0 \u00edslenskt jazzsamf\u00e9lag? Sm\u00e6\u00f0in, framtakssemin og stigveldi\u00f0.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sm\u00e6\u00f0in, framtakssemin og stigveldin eru hugt\u00f6k sem nota m\u00e1 til a\u00f0 skilgreina \u00edslenskt jazzsamf\u00e9lag en \u00fea\u00f0 er a\u00f0 m\u00f6rgu leyti erfitt a\u00f0 skilgreina. \u00de\u00e1tttakendur vir\u00f0ast oft og t\u00ed\u00f0um eiga \u00fea\u00f0 eitt sameiginlegt a\u00f0 vera framtakss\u00f6m og \u00e1str\u00ed\u00f0ufull fyrir t\u00f3nlist.<\/p>\n

T\u00e6kif\u00e6rin eru ekki \u00fea\u00f0 m\u00f6rg, f\u00f3lk er anna\u00f0hvort a\u00f0 b\u00faa s\u00e9r til t\u00e6kif\u00e6rin e\u00f0a a\u00f0 gera eitthva\u00f0 anna\u00f0 l\u00edka, hvort sem \u00fea\u00f0 er t\u00f3nlistartengt e\u00f0a ekki. Einn vi\u00f0m\u00e6landi tala\u00f0i um a\u00f0 \u00feetta v\u00e6ri \u00f3ttalegur sj\u00e1lfs\u00feurftarb\u00faskapur, annar tala\u00f0i um a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00fa \u00feyrftir a\u00f0 vera athafnask\u00e1ld. Eitt svari\u00f0 t\u00f3k fram a\u00f0 framtakssemi hennar v\u00e6ri til komin vegna kyns hennar.<\/p>\n

\u00c1slaug: J\u00e1. \u00dea\u00f0 ger\u00f0i \u00fea\u00f0 enginn fyrir mig. … \u00c9g \u00feurfti n\u00e1tt\u00farulega a\u00f0 vera helmingi duglegri en allir a\u00f0rir. \u00c9g \u00feurfti a\u00f0 gera \u00feetta. Str\u00e1karnir hringdu ekki \u00ed mig og bu\u00f0u m\u00e9r giggin. En \u00fe\u00fa veist \u00feeir fengu l\u00edka bara fullt af giggum \u00fat \u00e1 mig \u00fe\u00fa veist. \u00dea\u00f0 voru bara str\u00e1karnir sem spilu\u00f0u me\u00f0 m\u00e9r \u00e1 \u00feessum t\u00edma. \u00dea\u00f0 var engin kona \u00fe\u00e1.<\/p>\n

Framtakssemi einhverja einstaklinga ber e.t.v.\u00a0 meiri \u00e1v\u00f6xt og skapar s\u00e9r sess \u00ed senunni og ver\u00f0ur \u00fea\u00f0 til \u00feess a\u00f0 vi\u00f0komandi f\u00e6r eitthva\u00f0 \u00e1kve\u00f0i\u00f0 vald. \u00de\u00e1 vilja fleiri f\u00e1 snei\u00f0 af k\u00f6kunni og \u00fe\u00e1 f\u00e6r vi\u00f0komandi \u00f3umbe\u00f0i\u00f0 vald og einhverjir geta jafnvel t\u00falka\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 sem einhvers konar stigveldi. \u00de\u00e1 sitja \u00feessir einstaklingar efst \u00ed stigveldinu bara vegna framtakssemi sinnar sem bar \u00e1rangur og bj\u00f3 til farveg fyrir \u00feessa t\u00f3nlist \u00ed samf\u00e9laginu.<\/p>\n

Lov\u00edsa: Vi\u00f0 erum svo l\u00edtil sena og f\u00f3lk vill a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 eitthva\u00f0 l\u00e1ti\u00f0 gerast. \u00deannig a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9u t\u00f3nleikar, t\u00f3nleikara\u00f0ir, t\u00f3nleikah\u00e1t\u00ed\u00f0ir. \u00de\u00e1 \u00fearf einhver a\u00f0 taka \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 s\u00e9r og \u00fea\u00f0 getur gerst liggur vi\u00f0 \u00f3vart. \u00de\u00e1 er einhver settur \u00ed eitthva\u00f0 hlutverk e\u00f0a \u00fea\u00f0 er haft samband vi\u00f0 einhvern um a\u00f0 skipuleggja af \u00fev\u00ed \u00feau vita a\u00f0 vi\u00f0komandi hefur gert \u00fea\u00f0 annars sta\u00f0ar. \u00de\u00e1 er einhver kominn \u00ed hlutverk a\u00f0 skipuleggja bara af \u00fev\u00ed \u00fea\u00f0 \u00feurfti einhver a\u00f0 gera \u00fea\u00f0. Ekkert endilega af \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 vi\u00f0komandi vill eitthva\u00f0 vera a\u00f0 r\u00e1\u00f0a \u00f6llu. En \u00fea\u00f0 b\u00fdr til \u00e1kve\u00f0i\u00f0 svona stigveldi. \u00de\u00fa ver\u00f0ur a\u00f0 \u00feekkja r\u00e9tta f\u00f3lki\u00f0 sem skipuleggur til a\u00f0 f\u00e1 a\u00f0 vera me\u00f0. E\u00f0a \u00fea\u00f0 gerir \u00fea\u00f0 allavega au\u00f0veldara fyrir a\u00f0 gera \u00fea\u00f0.<\/p>\n

En n\u00fa f\u00e6rum vi\u00f0 okkur aftur yfir \u00ed e\u00f0lishyggjuna og hvernig h\u00fan birtist \u00ed \u00feessu litla samf\u00e9lagi og hefur \u00e1hrif \u00e1 hlutverk f\u00f3lks og t\u00e6kif\u00e6ri \u00feess innan senunnar.<\/p>\n

E\u00f0lishyggja<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00dev\u00ed vi\u00f0horfi sem l\u00fdstum \u00e1\u00f0an, f\u00e9lagslegri m\u00f3tunarhyggju, er oft stillt upp sem andst\u00e6\u00f0u vi\u00f0 e\u00f0lishyggju. Vi\u00f0horfi e\u00f0lishyggjunnar \u00ed \u00feessu samhengi m\u00e1 l\u00fdsa sem svo a\u00f0 kynin f\u00e6\u00f0ast inn \u00ed \u00feennan heim me\u00f0 \u00e1kve\u00f0na kynja\u00f0a eiginleika, og \u00feeir eiginleikar eru einfaldlega l\u00edffr\u00e6\u00f0ilega hluti af e\u00f0li \u00feess kyns. \u00deannig er kynjunum stillt upp sem andst\u00e6\u00f0um og alh\u00e6ft um eiginleika \u00feeirra sem eru af sama kyni \u00fat fr\u00e1 sta\u00f0almyndum sem byggjast oftast \u00e1 g\u00f6mlum hugmyndum um kynhlutverk. S\u00f6gulega hefur karlinn veri\u00f0 ger\u00f0ur a\u00f0 fulltr\u00faa skynsemi og konan tengd n\u00e1tt\u00farunni gegnum l\u00edkamann og er tilfinningavera.<\/p>\n

E\u00f0lishyggjan sem vi\u00f0m\u00e6lendur okkar veltu fyrir s\u00e9r, sn\u00e9ri oft a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed hvort \u00e1kve\u00f0nir eiginleikar hj\u00e1 f\u00f3lki sem spila\u00f0i jazz v\u00e6ru kvenl\u00e6gir e\u00f0a karll\u00e6gir og hvort sl\u00edkir eiginleikar v\u00e6ru metnir til jafns \u00ed jazzsamf\u00e9laginu, b\u00e6\u00f0i hj\u00e1 \u00f6\u00f0rum spilurum, nemendum og \u00f6\u00f0rum \u00fe\u00e1tttakendum \u00ed senunni.<\/p>\n

Bragi: \u00c9g er ekki upptekin af \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 konur \u00feurfi a\u00f0 vera eins og karlar. \u00c9g er til d\u00e6mis ekki upptekinn af \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 kventrommarar eigi a\u00f0 vera me\u00f0 f\u00f3kusinn \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 ver\u00f0a eins og karltrommarar. \u00deetta byggir ekki \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed endilega a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00fa s\u00e9rt svo rosalega sterkur, heldur a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00fa kunnir a\u00f0 nota kraftinn … og \u00fea\u00f0 er \u00fea\u00f0 sem m\u00e9r finnst svo fr\u00e1b\u00e6rt vi\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 fara \u00e1 t\u00f3nleika \u00fear sem t.d. kventrommari er a\u00f0 spila, er a\u00f0 heyra eitthva\u00f0 n\u00fdtt. Og ef \u00fea\u00f0 er eitthva\u00f0 sem \u00e9g vil \u00fe\u00e1 er \u00fea\u00f0 meiri breidd \u00ed m\u00fas\u00edkbransann, fleiri litir og \u00fea\u00f0 spilar inn \u00e1 talentinn hj\u00e1 konum, kannski eru \u00fe\u00e6r bara a\u00f0 gera a\u00f0eins \u00f6\u00f0ruv\u00edsi hluti. \u00de\u00e6r \u00feurfa l\u00edka a\u00f0 f\u00e1 s\u00edn t\u00e6kif\u00e6ri, \u00fea\u00f0 \u00fearf l\u00edka a\u00f0 vera opinn hugur fyrir \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 kannski \u00feurfa \u00fe\u00e6r ekki a\u00f0 vera n\u00e1kv\u00e6mlega eins og gaurinn sem var \u00e1 undan heldur kannski ver\u00f0a \u00fe\u00e6r a\u00f0eins \u00f6\u00f0ruv\u00edsi.<\/p>\n

Vi\u00f0horf e\u00f0lishyggju sm\u00fdgur oft inn \u00ed hversdagslega umr\u00e6\u00f0u og oft er erfitt a\u00f0 setja fingur \u00e1 hvar h\u00fan blandist vi\u00f0 \u00f6nnur vi\u00f0horf.<\/p>\n

J\u00f3nas: Ef a\u00f0 athafnasemin er meira karll\u00e6g, \u00fe\u00e1 er kannski samviskusemi og dugna\u00f0ur, talin kvenl\u00e6gri og \u00fea\u00f0 getur svo sannarlega n\u00fdst vel \u00ed \u00feessu l\u00edka. \u00deannig a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 eru \u00fdmsar hli\u00f0ar \u00e1 \u00feessu.<\/p>\n

Annar vi\u00f0m\u00e6landi sag\u00f0i:<\/p>\n

Lov\u00edsa: S\u00ed\u00f0an er soldi\u00f0 sem \u00e9g er a\u00f0 \u00e1tta mig \u00e1 n\u00fana a\u00f0 \u00e9g m\u00e1 alveg vera alveg eins og \u00e9g er e\u00f0a \u00fe\u00fa veist. \u00c9g m\u00e1 vera eins mikil \u201estelpa \u2013 kona\u201c me\u00f0 \u00f6nnur \u00e1hugam\u00e1l og a\u00f0ra n\u00e1lgun \u00e1 hlutina en \u00feeir. \u00dea\u00f0 er allt \u00ed lagi. \u00c9g \u00fearf ekki a\u00f0 a\u00f0laga mig a\u00f0 \u00feeirra heimi. \u00deetta \u00e1 a\u00f0 bara a\u00f0 vera heimur fyrir okkur \u00f6ll.<\/p>\n

Eins og \u00e1\u00f0ur sag\u00f0i er f\u00e9lagsleg m\u00f3tunarhyggja, \u00fear sem liti\u00f0 er til reynslu og f\u00e9lagslegra \u00fe\u00e1tta \u00ed m\u00f3tun einstaklinga, vi\u00f0horf sem er \u00ed raun andst\u00e6tt \u00feessari e\u00f0lishyggju en oft vir\u00f0ast \u00feessi vi\u00f0horf blandast saman \u00f3me\u00f0vita\u00f0. M\u00f6gulegt er a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 \u00fatsk\u00fdri, a\u00f0 hluta, hvers vegna f\u00f3lk upplifi halla milli kynjanna.<\/p>\n

Kynjahalli<\/strong><\/p>\n

Flest t\u00f6lu\u00f0u um a\u00f0 kynjahalli v\u00e6ri til sta\u00f0ar \u00ed jazzsenunni. \u00de\u00e6r konur sem vi\u00f0 spj\u00f6llu\u00f0um vi\u00f0 voru a\u00f0 upplifa kynjahallann t.d. \u00ed gegnum \u00fea\u00f0 hvernig f\u00f3lk talar saman. Tungum\u00e1l okkar er svo kynja\u00f0 og hefur \u00f3tr\u00falega m\u00f3tandi \u00e1hrif \u00ed \u00feessu tilfelli. \u00dea\u00f0 skiptir m\u00e1li hvernig h\u00f3pur nemenda e\u00f0a kollega er \u00e1varpa\u00f0ur og a\u00f0 \u00f6ll upplifi a\u00f0 \u00feau s\u00e9u velkomin.<\/p>\n

Lov\u00edsa: \u00c9g held \u00feetta s\u00e9 svona blanda af svo m\u00f6rgu af hverju eru f\u00e1ar konur. Og \u00fev\u00ed meira sem \u00e9g hef p\u00e6lt \u00ed \u00feessu \u00fev\u00ed meira finnst m\u00e9r \u00feetta fara miklu ne\u00f0ar og yngra \u00ed f\u00f3lk. Hva\u00f0 gerist \u00feegar vi\u00f0 erum krakkar. Hverjir eru, hvernig er komi\u00f0 fram vi\u00f0 t\u00f3nlistarnemendur. Hva\u00f0 er sagt, hva\u00f0 ertu a\u00f0 horfa \u00e1 sem krakki. Af \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00fa veist ef \u00fe\u00fa \u00e6tlar a\u00f0 breyta senunni a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1 finnst m\u00e9r a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00fa \u00feurfir a\u00f0 fara miklu ne\u00f0ar og yngra. Stelpurnar sem eru \u00ed jazzn\u00e1mi \u00feegar \u00fe\u00e6r eru unglingar e\u00f0a or\u00f0nar fullor\u00f0nar, \u00fear er bar\u00e1ttan unnin skilur\u00f0u. \u00de\u00e6r h\u00f6f\u00f0u \u00fea\u00f0 mikinn \u00e1huga a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e6r h\u00e6ttu ekki og h\u00e9ldu \u00e1fram. Og \u00fea\u00f0 gerist svona sm\u00e1m saman. \u00c9g er b\u00fain a\u00f0 vera \u00ed sk\u00f3la h\u00e9r og s\u00ed\u00f0an \u00ed senunni \u00fea\u00f0 lengi a\u00f0 \u00e9g er b\u00fain a\u00f0 eignast vini \u00ed \u00f6llum k\u00f6rlunum. \u00c9g upplifi mig \u00ed samf\u00e9lagi en \u00fea\u00f0 v\u00e6ri betra samf\u00e9lag ef \u00fea\u00f0 v\u00e6ri meira af konum, meiri kynjafl\u00f3ra. \u00deannig \u00fe\u00fa veist hva\u00f0a hlj\u00f3\u00f0f\u00e6ri stelpur eru hvattar til a\u00f0 fara \u00e1, e\u00f0a bara kennarar sem eru a\u00f0 kenna ungu f\u00f3lki a\u00f0 \u00feeir s\u00e9u af \u00f6llum kynjum. Skiptir m\u00e1li. Og a\u00f0 sj\u00e1 einhverjar fyrirmyndir.<\/p>\n

Flest samm\u00e6last um a\u00f0 aflei\u00f0ing kynjahallans s\u00e9 fyrirmynda skortur a\u00f0 einhverju leyti. \u00de\u00f3 voru mj\u00f6g margir vi\u00f0m\u00e6lendur ef ekki allir sem t\u00f3ku undir \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 \u00feetta v\u00e6ri a\u00f0 breytast, en g\u00f3\u00f0ir hlutir gerast h\u00e6gt:<\/p>\n

\u00c1slaug: \u2026. Svol\u00edti\u00f0 fallegt h\u00e9rna hvernig sumir vilja hafa 50\/50 konur og menn \u00ed s\u00ednum b\u00f6ndum, bara keep it real einhvern veginn, \u00feannig a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 ver\u00f0i ekki einhver locker room stemmning \u00ed bandinu og svo framvegis.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong>N\u00e1msumhverfi<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00deetta dregur okkur \u00f3hj\u00e1kv\u00e6milega a\u00f0 n\u00e1msumhverfinu eins og Lov\u00edsa bendir \u00e1. Hvernig konur upplifa sig \u00ed n\u00e1msumhverfinu er tengt or\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0unni sem t\u00ed\u00f0kast og \u00feeim fyrirmyndum sem eru \u00ed bo\u00f0i \u00fear. Fyrirmyndirnar eru au\u00f0vita\u00f0 b\u00e6\u00f0i kennararnir sj\u00e1lfir og \u00fe\u00e6r fyrirmyndir sem eru lj\u00f3slifandi \u00ed \u00fev\u00ed efni sem er kennt upp \u00far en \u00fear er sjaldan minnst \u00e1 konur. Oftast n\u00e6r er a\u00f0eins minnst \u00e1 kvens\u00f6ngvara en \u00fea\u00f0 er skortur \u00e1 umfj\u00f6llun um kvenhlj\u00f3\u00f0f\u00e6raleikara og fj\u00f6lbreyttari umfj\u00f6llun um hlutverk og upplifanir kvenna \u00ed jazzs\u00f6gunni.<\/p>\n

Bragi : Ma\u00f0ur heyrir \u00fea\u00f0 bara fr\u00e1 konum. \u00c9g veit \u00fea\u00f0 skiptir til d\u00e6mis m\u00e1li fyrir ungar stelpur sem eru a\u00f0 byrja \u00ed m\u00fas\u00edk a\u00f0 sj\u00e1 konur sem spila. \u00c1 m\u00ednu hlj\u00f3\u00f0f\u00e6ri hefur \u00fea\u00f0 lengi veri\u00f0 sjaldg\u00e6ft og l\u00edka \u00fe\u00e6r konur sem hafa veri\u00f0 fr\u00e1b\u00e6rar og hafa veri\u00f0 trommarar en \u00fea\u00f0 er fur\u00f0u l\u00edti\u00f0 tala\u00f0 um eins og Karen Carpenter sem virkilega gat tromma\u00f0 og fleiri.<\/p>\n

H\u00e9r r\u00e6\u00f0ir kvenkyns vi\u00f0m\u00e6landi or\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0una og hvernig h\u00fan getur haft \u00e1hrif \u00e1 upplifun nemenda \u00ed n\u00e1msumhverfinu og \u00e1 senunni:<\/p>\n

Lov\u00edsa: Myndu\u00f0 \u00fei\u00f0 vera \u00e1 \u00e6fingu, a\u00f0 tala um einhverja hluti ef \u00e9g v\u00e6ri ekki h\u00e9r. Og fyrst a\u00f0 \u00e9g er h\u00e9r \u00fe\u00e1 er \u00e9g a\u00f0 skemma \u00e6finguna. E\u00f0a bara l\u00e1tin upplifa a\u00f0 \u00e9g er ekki ein af h\u00f3pnum af \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00fa \u00e6tlar ekki n\u00fana a\u00f0 gr\u00ednast eins og \u00fe\u00fa \u00e6tla\u00f0ir a\u00f0 gr\u00ednast \u00e1\u00f0an. E\u00f0a bara svona komment. \u201eNei nei h\u00e6ttu n\u00fa \u00fea\u00f0 er stelpa \u00ed h\u00f3pnum\u201c en s\u00ed\u00f0an hafa l\u00edka \u00e1 hinn b\u00f3ginn veri\u00f0 svona gr\u00edn \u00ed gangi sem er \u00f3\u00fe\u00e6gilegt, eitthva\u00f0 svona gr\u00edn sem er l\u00e9legt gr\u00edn og \u00f3vi\u00f0eigandi kannski. Og \u00e9g vil ekki segja eitthva\u00f0, \u00e9g vil ekki styggja h\u00f3pinn, \u00fe\u00fa veist \u00e9g vil ekki vera me\u00f0 vesen! \u00dea\u00f0 er l\u00edka svona \u00e1kve\u00f0in neikv\u00e6\u00f0 upplifun. \u00dea\u00f0 er l\u00edka eitthva\u00f0 sem \u00fearf a\u00f0 gerast a\u00f0 svona brandarar sem lykta af kvenfyrirlitningu, \u00feeir eiga ekki a\u00f0 l\u00ed\u00f0ast lengur.\u00a0\u00deannig a\u00f0 … hva\u00f0 er pointi\u00f0 mitt. J\u00e1 umhverfi\u00f0 \u00e1 a\u00f0 vera \u00ed lagi fyrir alla. \u00dea\u00f0 \u00e1 a\u00f0 vera welcoming fyrir alla. \u00deannig \u00fea\u00f0 er l\u00edka soldi\u00f0 sem ma\u00f0ur upplifir \u00feegar ma\u00f0ur er kona \u00ed jazzi. S\u00e9rstaklega upplif\u00f0i \u00e9g \u00fea\u00f0 svona fyrst a\u00f0 ma\u00f0ur er a\u00f0 reyna a\u00f0 vera ein af str\u00e1kunum eitthva\u00f0. \u00c9g \u00e6tla a\u00f0 hl\u00e6ja a\u00f0 \u00f6llu sem \u00feeir hl\u00e6ja a\u00f0 og ekki a\u00f0 vera me\u00f0 vesen. \u00c9g \u00e6tla ekki a\u00f0 vera algj\u00f6r \u201estelpa\u201c innan g\u00e6salappa.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong>Hva\u00f0 er til r\u00e1\u00f0a?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Flestir vi\u00f0m\u00e6lendur voru samm\u00e1la a\u00f0 best v\u00e6ri a\u00f0 t\u00e6kla kynjahallann og fyrirmyndarskortinn \u00e1 yngstu stigum t\u00f3nlistarsk\u00f3lanna, e\u00f0a l\u00e6gsta \u201elayernum\u201c eins og einn komst til or\u00f0a. \u00dea\u00f0 er mikilv\u00e6gt a\u00f0 b\u00f6rn sj\u00e1i konur \u00ed fj\u00f6lbreyttum hlutverkum \u00ed t\u00f3nlist . Eitthva\u00f0 er a\u00f0 breytast og n\u00fa \u00feegar er komi\u00f0 gott framtak, eins og Barnadjass \u00ed Mosfellsb\u00e6 og gaman a\u00f0 segja fr\u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 st\u00falkur voru \u00ed meirihluta \u00fe\u00e1tttakenda \u00fear. Einn vi\u00f0m\u00e6landi stakk upp \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 jafnvel \u00feyrfti a\u00f0 b\u00faa til \u201estelpur jazza\u201d eins og ,,stelpur rokka\u201d. Einhverjir vi\u00f0m\u00e6lendur vildu meina a\u00f0 kynjakv\u00f3ti leysti vandann um s\u00fdnileika kvenna en a\u00f0rir vi\u00f0m\u00e6lendur telja a\u00f0 lausnin felist ekki \u00ed \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 einbl\u00edna \u00e1 efsta lag t\u00f3nlistarmanna. En hvernig eiga \u00fe\u00e1 konurnar a\u00f0 f\u00e1 st\u00f6\u00f0urnar og hvernig ver\u00f0a til fleiri fyrirmyndir? A\u00f0alm\u00e1li\u00f0 er a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 ver\u00f0i \u00e1framhaldandi vakning \u00e1 \u00feessu m\u00e1lefni til \u00feess a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 \u00f6ll leggjumst \u00e1 eitt til \u00feess a\u00f0 breyta \u00feessu. Me\u00f0 breyttu hugarfari og stu\u00f0ningi fr\u00e1 sk\u00f3lakerfinu f\u00e6rumst vi\u00f0 \u00ed r\u00e9tta \u00e1tt.<\/p>\n

Lov\u00edsa: Krakkar sem alast upp og eiga kannski ekki foreldra sem hafa \u00e1huga \u00e1 jazz en eru kannski \u00ed t\u00f3nlistarn\u00e1mi og t\u00f3nleikarnir sem \u00feau sj\u00e1 eru kannski bara t\u00f3nleikarnir \u00e1 menningarn\u00f3tt e\u00f0a 17. j\u00fan\u00ed e\u00f0a eitthva\u00f0, \u00fe\u00e1 skiptir m\u00e1li a\u00f0 \u00e1 \u00feeim t\u00f3nleikum l\u00edka s\u00e9 einhvers konar fj\u00f6lbreytileiki. \u00deannig \u00fe\u00f3 vi\u00f0 s\u00e9um a\u00f0 tala um jazz \u00fe\u00e1 \u00e1 \u00feetta vi\u00f0 allan t\u00f3nlistarbransann a\u00f0 sj\u00e1 fyrirmyndir \u00ed \u00fev\u00ed sem \u00fe\u00fa s\u00e9r\u00f0. Ef \u00fe\u00fa s\u00e9r\u00f0 bara t\u00f3nleika \u00ed sj\u00f3nvarpi nokkrum sinnum \u00e1 \u00e1ri, \u00fea\u00f0 eru t\u00f3nleikarnir sem \u00fe\u00fa s\u00e9r\u00f0, \u00fe\u00e1 skiptir m\u00e1li a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00fa sj\u00e1ir einhvern t\u00edmann einhvern sem \u00fe\u00fa samsamar \u00feig vi\u00f0.<\/p>\n

Lokaor\u00f0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ni\u00f0ursta\u00f0a okkar er s\u00fa a\u00f0 \u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 engin vilji til \u00feess a\u00f0 koma \u00ed veg fyrir a\u00f0 fleiri kvenkyns \u00fe\u00e1tttakendur s\u00e9u \u00ed \u00edslensku jazzsamf\u00e9lagi \u00fe\u00e1 vanti samt sem \u00e1\u00f0ur a\u00f0 gera kvenfyrirmyndir s\u00fdnilegri me\u00f0 me\u00f0vitu\u00f0u framtaki \u00fe\u00e1tttakenda \u00e1 senunni. Einnig vir\u00f0ist vera a\u00f0 \u00e1kve\u00f0nar stere\u00f3t\u00fdpur um karll\u00e6g og kvenl\u00e6g einkenni standi v\u00f6r\u00f0 um hva\u00f0 s\u00e9 h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 gera og hva\u00f0 s\u00e9 h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 vera, sem tengist almennri umr\u00e6\u00f0u um kynjahlutverk \u00ed samf\u00e9lagi n\u00fat\u00edmans.<\/p>\n

Allir vi\u00f0m\u00e6lendur okkar voru samm\u00e1la um a\u00f0 skortur er \u00e1 kvenfyrirmyndum innan jazzsamf\u00e9lagsins og \u00ed n\u00e1msumhverfi t\u00f3nlistarsk\u00f3lanna, \u00fe\u00e1 einkum og s\u00e9r \u00ed lagi hva\u00f0 hlj\u00f3\u00f0f\u00e6raleik var\u00f0ar. Samkv\u00e6mt \u00fe\u00e1tttakendum \u00ed \u00edslensku jazzsenunni g\u00e6ti \u00fea\u00f0 \u00fatsk\u00fdrt kynjahallann innan hennar. Fyrirmyndir eru mikilv\u00e6gar \u00ed n\u00e6rumhverfi f\u00f3lks almennt s\u00e9\u00f0 og s\u00e9rstaklega hj\u00e1 f\u00f3lki sem hefur \u00e1huga \u00e1 a\u00f0 leggja t\u00f3nlist fyrir sig.<\/p>\n

\u00deetta verkefni var takmarka\u00f0 vi\u00f0 \u00e1kve\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00fartak \u00far jazzsenunni \u00e1 \u00cdslandi en \u00e1hugavert v\u00e6ri a\u00f0 gera st\u00e6rra \u00fartak \u00fear sem liti\u00f0 v\u00e6ri s\u00e9rstaklega til \u00f3l\u00edkra eiginleika \u00fe\u00e1tttakenda hinna \u00f3l\u00edku kynja, svo sem aldurs og hva\u00f0a hlj\u00f3\u00f0f\u00e6ri \u00feau s\u00e9rh\u00e6f\u00f0u sig \u00ed. \u00dea\u00f0 vir\u00f0ist blasa vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 upplifun getur veri\u00f0 \u00f3l\u00edk eftir kynsl\u00f3\u00f0um og \u00f3l\u00edk stemmning getur myndast \u00e1 \u00e1kve\u00f0i\u00f0 hlj\u00f3\u00f0f\u00e6ri, \u00fear sem menningin \u00ed kringum hlj\u00f3\u00f0f\u00e6ri tengist kynjahlutverkum sterkum b\u00f6ndum. \u00dea\u00f0 \u00e1 s\u00e9rstaklega vi\u00f0 um s\u00f6ng og hvernig hann hefur skori\u00f0 sig \u00fat \u00far hef\u00f0bundnu hlj\u00f3\u00f0f\u00e6ran\u00e1mi.<\/p>\n

\u00dea\u00f0 sem \u00feyrfti a\u00f0 eiga s\u00e9r sta\u00f0 er \u00e1kve\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00e1tak \u00ed grasr\u00f3tinni til \u00feess a\u00f0 kn\u00fdja fram breytingar. \u00dea\u00f0 sem vi\u00f0m\u00e6lendur okkar nefndu hva\u00f0 oftast var a\u00f0 mikilv\u00e6gt v\u00e6ri a\u00f0 byrja \u00e1 yngsta stigi \u00ed t\u00f3nlistarsk\u00f3lum, a\u00f0 kynna b\u00f6rnum fyrir allskonar hlj\u00f3\u00f0f\u00e6rum. Einnig er mikilv\u00e6gt a\u00f0 b\u00f6rn sj\u00e1i konur \u00ed fleiri hlutverkum innan jazzins, svo sem \u00ed hlutverki trommuleikara, bl\u00e1sara og hlj\u00f3\u00f0f\u00e6rakennara til \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 \u00feau hlj\u00f3\u00f0f\u00e6ri ver\u00f0i jafn e\u00f0lileg st\u00falkum og a\u00f0 syngja e\u00f0a spila \u00e1 p\u00edan\u00f3. Og til \u00feess \u00fearf me\u00f0vita\u00f0 sameiginlegt framtak. Um lei\u00f0 og b\u00f6rn sj\u00e1 \u00f6ll kyn \u00ed \u00feessum hlutverkum fara hj\u00f3lin a\u00f0 sn\u00faast og vi\u00f0 getum s\u00e9\u00f0 fram \u00e1 \u00f6ll kyn \u00ed allskonar st\u00f6\u00f0um innan jazzsamf\u00e9lagsins. Ef horft er til framt\u00ed\u00f0ar m\u00e1 \u00feannig me\u00f0 aukinni me\u00f0vitund hj\u00e1 \u00fe\u00e1tttakendum \u00ed senunni skapa fj\u00f6lbreyttar fyrirmyndir og jafnara samf\u00e9lag. \u00d6ll f\u00e1 \u00fe\u00e1 fyrirmyndir.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n

 <\/p>\n

[1]<\/a> \u00deetta ranns\u00f3knarverkefni var styrkt af N\u00fdsk\u00f6punarsj\u00f3\u00f0i n\u00e1msmanna og unni\u00f0 sumari\u00f0 2023 af Rebekku og Ara undir lei\u00f0s\u00f6gn \u00deorbjargar.<\/p>\n

[2]<\/a> Mary Wollstonecraft, A Vindication of the Rights of Woman, <\/em>(London: J. Johnson, 1792).<\/p>\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> Sims og Stephens, Living Folklore: Introduction to the Study of People and their Traditions<\/em> (Logan: Utah State University Press, 2005) 209.<\/p>\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> Herod, Andrew, \u201eGender Issues in the Use of Interviewing as a Research Method,\u201c The Professional Geographer<\/em> 45, nr. 3 (1993): 307.<\/p>\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> Ibid, 313-314.<\/p>\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> Ibid, 314.<\/p>\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0 Ibid, 313-314.<\/p>\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> Mikael Mikaelsson og Bjarni \u00de\u00f3r P\u00e9tursson, ,,Sta\u00f0al\u00edmynd kvenna og v\u00edsindi,\u201d V\u00edsir<\/em>, 12. september 2011.<\/p>\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> \u00c1sta J\u00f3hannsd\u00f3ttir og Krist\u00edn Anna Hj\u00e1lmarsd\u00f3ttir, \u201eSka\u00f0leg karlmennska: Greining \u00e1 b\u00f3kinni Mannasi\u00f0ir Gillz,\u201c Netla – Veft\u00edmarit um uppeldi og menntun<\/em>, 15. september 2011.<\/p>\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> Sigr\u00ed\u00f0ur \u00deorgeirsd\u00f3ttir, ,,E\u00f0li kvenna \u00ed ritum heimspekinga: fr\u00e1 Arist\u00f3telesi til Gunnars Dal,\u201d 24. apr\u00edl 1999.<\/p>\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> Cecilia Bj\u00f6rck og \u00c5sa Bergman, \u201eMaking Women in Jazz visible: Negotiating Discourses of Unity in Sweden and the US,\u201c Journal of the International Association for the Study of Popular Music<\/em> 8, nr. 1 (2018): 42 – 58.<\/p>\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> Cat Hope, \u201eWhy is there so Little Space for Women in Jazz Music?,\u201c The Conversation<\/em>, 26. j\u00fan\u00ed 2017.<\/p>\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> Bj\u00f6rck og Bergman, \u201eMaking Women in Jazz visible,\u201c 42-58.<\/p>\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> Jayne Caudwell, \u201eThe Jazz-sport analogue: Passing notes on gender and sexuality,\u201c International Review for the Sociology of Sport <\/em>45 nr. 2 (1. j\u00fan\u00ed 2010): 240-248.<\/p>\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> Erin Wehr, \u201eUnderstanding the experience of women in jazz: a suggested model,\u201c International Journal of Music Education<\/em> 34 nr. 4 (J\u00fan\u00ed 2016): 472-487.<\/p>\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> \u00de\u00f3r\u00f0ur Kristinsson og Bj\u00f6rk \u00deorgeirsd\u00f3ttir, Kynjafr\u00e6\u00f0i fyrir byrjendur,<\/em> 1.1. E\u00f0lishyggja og f\u00e9lagsleg m\u00f3tunarhyggja.<\/p>\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a>\u201eM\u00e1li\u00f0,\u201c Stofnun \u00c1rna Magn\u00fassonar \u00ed \u00cdslenskum Fr\u00e6\u00f0um, Or\u00f0aleit: G\u00e6\u00f0i, S\u00f3tt af: https:\/\/malid.is\/leit\/g%C3%A6%C3%B0i<\/a>.<\/p>\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> ,,A\u00f0aln\u00e1msskr\u00e1 T\u00f3nlistarsk\u00f3lanna,\u201d Stj\u00f3rnarr\u00e1\u00f0 \u00cdslands og Menntam\u00e1lar\u00e1\u00f0uneyti\u00f0, s\u00f3tt af: https:\/\/www.stjornarradid.is\/media\/menntamalaraduneyti-media\/media\/ritogskyrslur\/adalnamskra_ton_rytmisk_tonlist_2010.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> Sigr\u00ed\u00f0ur \u00deorgeirsd\u00f3ttir, \u201eE\u00f0li kvenna \u00ed ritum heimspekinga: fr\u00e1 Arist\u00f3telesi til Gunnars Dal,\u201d 24. apr\u00edl 1999.<\/p>\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> \u00deorger\u00f0ur \u00deorvaldsd\u00f3ttir, \u201eKynlegar v\u00edddir \u00ed d\u00f3mnefndar\u00e1litum?\u201c Er kynbundinn munur \u00e1 umfj\u00f6llun um karl- og kvenums\u00e6kjendur \u00ed d\u00f3mnefndar\u00e1litum H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands?<\/em> (Reykjav\u00edk: Jafnr\u00e9ttisnefnd H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands, 2002) 8.<\/p>\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> Ibid.<\/p>\n

[22]<\/sup><\/a> Sonja S\u00f3fusd\u00f3ttir, \u201eAlveg eins og karlar, nema bara konur\u201d:vi\u00f0horf karlmanna til hindrana \u00ed vegi kvenna \u00ed \u00e1tt a\u00f0 stj\u00f3rnunarst\u00f6\u00f0um,\u201c Vi\u00f0skiptadeild H\u00e1sk\u00f3lans \u00ed Reykjav\u00edk<\/em>, vor 2012: 13.<\/p>\n

[23]<\/sup><\/a>\u00deorger\u00f0ur \u00deorvaldsd\u00f3ttir, \u201eKynlegar v\u00edddir \u00ed d\u00f3mnefndar\u00e1litum?\u201c 8.<\/em><\/p>\n

[24]<\/sup><\/a>Ibid. 8<\/em>.<\/p>\n

[25]<\/sup><\/a> Dav\u00ed\u00f0 Kjartan Gestsson, \u201eErfitt fyrir konur a\u00f0 dafna innan djassins,\u201c R\u00daV<\/em>, 11. okt\u00f3ber 2018, s\u00f3tt \u00e1: https:\/\/www.ruv.is\/frettir\/menning-og-daegurmal\/erfitt-fyrir-konur-ad-dafna-innan-djassins<\/a><\/p>\n

[26]<\/sup><\/a> Dav\u00ed\u00f0 Kjartan Gestsson, Erfitt fyrir konur a\u00f0 dafna innan djassins,\u201d 11. okt\u00f3ber 2018.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"wds_primary_threads_cat":0,"footnotes":""},"threads_cat":[201],"class_list":["post-12422","threads","type-threads","status-publish","hentry","threads_cat-thraedir-tolublad-9"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lhi.is\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/threads\/12422","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lhi.is\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/threads"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lhi.is\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/threads"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lhi.is\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lhi.is\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12422"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.lhi.is\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/threads\/12422\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13099,"href":"https:\/\/www.lhi.is\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/threads\/12422\/revisions\/13099"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lhi.is\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12422"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"threads_cat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lhi.is\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/threads_cat?post=12422"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}